Pathfinder country

Nepal

SDG indicator 8.7.1 Proportion of children engaged in economic activity
With household chores - age 5-17 (2014) Without household chores - age 5-17 (2014)
Total 19.03 % 21.71 %
Female 19.25 % 23.07 %
Male 19.158 % 20.29 %
SDG indicator 5.3.1 Proportion of women aged 20 - 24 years who were married or in a union before age 15 and before age 18
7.90%
Before age 15 (2019)
32.80%
Before age 18 (2019)
Latest ratifications - View all
C138
30 May 1997
Ratified
C029
03 Jan 2002
Ratified
C105
30 Aug 2007
Ratified
SDG indicator 16.2.2 Number of victims of human trafficking per 100,000 population
0.55
2007
0.54
2008
0.73
2009
0.71
2010
0.52
2011
0.99
2012
0.87
2013
0.97
2014
2015
1.26
2016
1.1
2017
1.92
2018
2.13
2019
6.89
2020
2021
SDG indicator 16.2.2 Number of victims of human trafficking for forced labour, servitude and slavery, per 100,000 population
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
0.84
2018
0.32
2019
0.14
2020
2021
Source: ILO Normlex

Learn more about Nepal

Priorities

  • Align federal laws related to child labour with national laws by 2019 and ensure coherence between child labour policies and education laws, in terms of children’s ages, to establish a coherent countrywide legal framework.
  • Establish committees for child labour inspection at the provincial and local levels, to complement workplace inspection systems.
  • Enhance monitoring capacity and establish local committees for child labour monitoring and rescue. Monitoring is critical for policy design; however it is often difficult, particularly in the informal economy.
  • Declare ten child labour free municipalities by 2020, to serve as example for other municipalities.

Progress

Align federal laws related to child labour with national laws by 2019 and ensure coherence between child labour policies and education laws, in terms of children’s ages, to establish a coherent countrywide legal framework.

  • The definition of children has been harmonized in Child Act, 2018 and Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 2000 with the international definition of children as 18 years of age.

Establish committees for child labour inspection at the provincial and local levels, to complement workplace inspection systems.

  • Committees to facilitate and coordinate child labour free local level are established in provincial and local level according to the arrangement made in Child Labour Free Local Level Guideline.

Enhance monitoring capacity and establish local committees for child labour monitoring and rescue Progress

  • Capacity building training of labour inspectors, representatives of local governments, employers and trade union were carried out.

Declare ten child labour free municipalities by 2020, to serve as example for other municipalities. Progress

  • Child Labour Free Municipalities Declaration Procedure, 2020 has been approved in December 2020.

Revise the Foreign Employment Act of 2008, and other related acts, to eliminate loopholes that leave room for abuse. Progress

  • Foreign Employment Act has been revised.

Establish bilateral agreements with destination countries to formalize a shared responsibility for labour recruitment issues and to protect migrant workers.

  • Bilateral agreement has been conducted with nine destination countries during this reporting period.

Mainstream forced labour and human trafficking into regular data collection and integrate databases for an informed policy response.

  • Designing of unified database system is underway in Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens incorporating data of human trafficking and gender related violence.

International Instruments

Area Ilo Instrument Status Ratification date CEACR comments
Child Labour
C138
Ratification of C138 - Minimum Age Convention (1973)
In Force 30 May 1997
Child Labour, Forced Labour, Human Trafficking, Modern Slavery
C182
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (1999)
In Force 03 Jan 2002
Child Labour, Modern Slavery
C029
Forced Labour Convention (1930)
In Force 03 Jan 2002
Forced Labour, Modern Slavery
C105
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (1957)
In Force 30 Aug 2007
Freedom of Association
C098
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention (1949)
In Force 11 Nov 1996
Discrimination
C100
Equal Remuneration Convention (1951)
In Force 10 Jun 1976
Discrimination
C111
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention (1958)
In Force 19 Sep 1974

Milestones

2017

Nepal passes the Labour Act, which prohibits forced labour and sets penalties for forced labour violations. The government adopts a National Master Plan on Child Labour and the Nepal Road Map on the Implementation of SDGs, which aims to end child labour by 2030 through progressive reduction. A component on forced labour is included in the regular data collection system.

2012

Nepal launches the new National Plan of Action on Combating Human Trafficking.

2010

An annual national household survey is undertaken for the first time, which allows the government to regularly monitor child labour.

RESOURCES
Nepal Pathfinder Country Progress Report 2021-2022
Nepal Pathfinder Country Progress Report 2021-2022
Nepal Pathfinder Country Strategic Workshop Report
Nepal Pathfinder Country Strategic Workshop Report